Which is a recommended best management practice for preventing contamination of surface and groundwater by pesticides?

Utilizing terrace and conservation tillage practices is indeed a recommended best management practice for preventing contamination of surface and groundwater by pesticides. These practices help maintain soil structure and reduce soil erosion. By implementing terraces, farmers create steps in the landscape that slow down water runoff, allowing for better water absorption and increased infiltration. Conservation tillage minimizes soil disturbance, which enhances the soil’s ability to retain water and nutrients, further reducing the likelihood of pesticide runoff into nearby waterways.

In contrast, the other options can contribute to environmental degradation rather than prevent it. Spraying during high wind conditions can lead to drift, where pesticides are carried away from the target area, potentially contaminating unintended surfaces. Quick application methods without proper planning might overlook critical factors such as weather conditions, pest presence, and the right pesticide dosage, increasing the risk of misuse. Finally, applying pesticides right before heavy rain can lead to wash-off, where rainfall washes pesticides into surface water bodies, posing risks to aquatic ecosystems and drinking water supplies.